Step 5 : You can also use octal point values to manage and modify permissions. The chmod command using this method consists of at least three parts from the following lists: Access class Operator Access Type u (user),g (group),o (other),a (all) +,-,= r, w, xĮx : we're removing the r bit from other chmod o-r test1.txt ![]() Step 4 : To change permissions on an object, we will use the chmod command. Files Directories r The file can be read The contents of the directory can be viewed w The file can be written to Contents of the directory can be altered x The file can be executed as a program The user or group can use cd to go inside the directory To change permissions Group : This refers to the permissions that apply to the group that owns the file.Īll users : This refers to the permissions that apply to all other users that owns the file. User : This refers to the permissions that apply to the user that owns the file. Object type : - (file), d (directory), l (link) ![]() Step 3 : Each permission string can be broken down into four groups, as I'll show you in the following table Object type User Group All users - rw- r- r. Step 2 : In each line, we see several fields of information.ħ : The name of the file The permission strings ![]() Step 1 : Use the ls command to list the access permissions of files and directories.
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